Tuesday, 25 April 2017

Route Filtering using Access-list - EIGRP

In order to filter routes in EIGRP update message we need to configure Distribute list under EIGRP process. Distribute list can be applied to all or specific interface.

In below example we are applying distribution list on particular interface in order to filter route for particular neighbor.

There are three ways by which we can match routes to apply filter.
1.       Access list
2.       Prefix list
3.       Route-map

Option 1:- Access list

Below is the configuration example of distribution list using access list.





R1:-

interface Loopback1
 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255

interface Loopback11
 ip address 11.11.11.11 255.255.255.255

interface Loopback111
 ip address 111.111.111.111 255.255.255.255

interface FastEthernet0/0
description “ Connected to R2”
 ip address 12.12.12.1 255.255.255.0
no shut

router eigrp 1
distribute-list Block_111.111.111.111 out FastEthernet0/0   \\ Will block 111.111.111.111/32 route advertisement\\
 network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
 network 11.11.11.11 0.0.0.0
 network 12.12.12.1 0.0.0.0
 network 111.111.111.111 0.0.0.0

ip access-list standard Block_111.111.111.111
 deny   111.111.111.111   \\Match 111.111.111.111/32 route which needs to be filter\\
 permit any  \\ Allow all other routes\\

R2:-

interface FastEthernet0/0
 ip address 12.12.12.2 255.255.255.0
no shut

router eigrp 1
 network 12.12.12.2 0.0.0.0

Verification:-

R2:-

R2# sh ip route   \\ No route for 111.111.111.111/32 \\
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP
       + - replicated route, % - next hop override

Gateway of last resort is not set

      1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D        1.1.1.1 [90/156160] via 12.12.12.1, 00:50:13, FastEthernet0/0
      2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C        2.2.2.2 is directly connected, Loopback0
      11.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D        11.11.11.11 [90/156160] via 12.12.12.1, 00:50:13, FastEthernet0/0
      12.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        12.12.12.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
L        12.12.12.2/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
      23.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        23.23.23.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
L        23.23.23.2/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

R2#sh ip eigrp neighbors
EIGRP-IPv4 Neighbors for AS(1)
H   Address                 Interface       Hold Uptime   SRTT   RTO  Q  Seq
                                            (sec)         (ms)       Cnt Num
0   12.12.12.1              Fa0/0             13 00:50:16   32   200  0  11
R2#

There is one issue while using access list to match the routes. If we allow a supernet in access list then it will also allow all its subnet by default.

In below example, we want to advertise only 11.11.11.11/24 from R2 to R3 and suppress all other routes.

There are two routes, one is 11.11.11.11/32 (advertised from R1) and 11.11.11.11/24  (advertised from R2).




We can see below that we have only allowed 11.11.11.11/24 from R2 but still 11.11.11.11/32 is the routing table of R3.

interface Loopback1
 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255

interface Loopback11
 ip address 11.11.11.11 255.255.255.255

interface Loopback111
 ip address 111.111.111.111 255.255.255.255

interface FastEthernet0/0
Description “ connected to R2”
 ip address 12.12.12.1 255.255.255.0
no shut

router eigrp 1
 network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
 network 11.11.11.11 0.0.0.0
 network 12.12.12.0 0.0.0.255
 network 111.111.111.111 0.0.0.0

R2:-

interface Loopback0
 ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
 ip ospf network point-to-point
no shut

interface Loopback2
 ip address 11.11.11.1 255.255.255.0

interface FastEthernet0/0
 ip address 12.12.12.2 255.255.255.0
no shut

interface FastEthernet0/1
 ip address 23.23.23.2 255.255.255.0
no shut

router eigrp 1
 distribute-list Route_Filter out FastEthernet0/1
 network 11.11.11.1 0.0.0.0
 network 12.12.12.0 0.0.0.255
 network 23.23.23.2 0.0.0.0

ip access-list standard Route_Filter
 permit 11.11.11.0 0.0.0.255     \\Only permit 11.11.11.0/24 \\


R3:-

interface FastEthernet0/1
 ip address 23.23.23.3 255.255.255.0
no shut

router eigrp 1
 network 23.23.23.3 0.0.0.0


Verification:-

R1:-

R1# sh ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP
       + - replicated route, % - next hop override

Gateway of last resort is not set

      1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C        1.1.1.1 is directly connected, Loopback1
      11.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
D        11.11.11.0/24 [90/156160] via 12.12.12.2, 02:20:21, FastEthernet0/0    \\Advertised from R2
C        11.11.11.11/32 is directly connected, Loopback11
      12.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        12.12.12.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
L        12.12.12.1/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
      23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D        23.23.23.0 [90/30720] via 12.12.12.2, 02:22:54, FastEthernet0/0
      111.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C        111.111.111.111 is directly connected, Loopback111

R2:-

R2# sh ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP
       + - replicated route, % - next hop override

Gateway of last resort is not set

      1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D        1.1.1.1 [90/156160] via 12.12.12.1, 03:20:18, FastEthernet0/0
      2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C        2.2.2.2 is directly connected, Loopback0
      11.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 3 subnets, 2 masks
C        11.11.11.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback2
L        11.11.11.1/32 is directly connected, Loopback2
D        11.11.11.11/32 [90/156160] via 12.12.12.1, 03:20:18, FastEthernet0/0
      12.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        12.12.12.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
L        12.12.12.2/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
      23.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        23.23.23.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
L        23.23.23.2/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
      111.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D        111.111.111.111 [90/156160] via 12.12.12.1, 02:03:18, FastEthernet0/0

R3:-

R3# sh ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP
       + - replicated route, % - next hop override

Gateway of last resort is not set

      11.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
D        11.11.11.0/24 [90/156160] via 23.23.23.2, 02:20:39, FastEthernet0/1
D        11.11.11.11/32 [90/158720] via 23.23.23.2, 02:20:39, FastEthernet0/1  //R1 Route is also present
      23.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        23.23.23.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
L        23.23.23.3/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
      34.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        34.34.34.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
L        34.34.34.3/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0



Other options are explained in upcoming blogs.

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